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Learn Subnetting

IPv4 has 32 bits. A /p prefix fixes p network bits, leaving 32 − p host bits.

3 sections · 10 explained questions · About 10 minutesAll lessons →

Read each short explanation, work through the example, then answer a pop quiz. Every answer explains the reasoning. Incorrect answers unlock a fresh question on the same idea; the full lesson contains ten questions.

01Understand the basics

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A subnet divides an IP network into smaller address groups. The number after the slash tells you how many bits identify the network. More network bits leave fewer addresses for devices. Routers use this boundary to decide where traffic belongs.

Section 1 question · 4 variations
Total addresses in a /26?

02Size a subnet

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Choose enough host bits for your devices, including room for growth. On a conventional IPv4 LAN, subtract the network and broadcast addresses from the total.

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24 network bits8 host bits256 addresses254 usable
Section 2 question · 3 variations
Which subnet can hold 50 devices on a conventional LAN?

03Recognise the exceptions

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Point-to-point links can use /31 with both addresses usable. A /32 identifies exactly one address, often used for a host route. Do not apply the usual subtract-two rule to these cases.

Section 3 question · 3 variations
How many addresses does a /32 identify?

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